Diabetes has been a major public health concern due to its severe, persistent, and long-lasting effects. Diabetes can have a devastating effect on the lives and health of the patients and their families as well as the entire community. It is among the top 10 leading causes of death for adults. The disease is estimated to result in approximately 4 million deaths annually by 2017. (Saeedi et al. 2019). The global health system was also estimated to be costing $727 billion by diabetes in that same year (Saeedi, et. al. 2019). Three types of diabetes are present:
• Diabetes type 1 (T1D) • Diabetes type 2 (T2D) • Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)
International Diabetes Federation reports the prevalence of diabetes. The IDF keeps statistics on diabetes in all regions, as well as localities. Data shows that there were 285,000,000 people with diabetes (T1D or T2D), in 2009. This number jumped to 382 million in 2011, and to 415 million by 2015. It jumped to 425 million to 2015 and to 425 million to 2017. (Saeedi et al. 2019). T2D account for 90% of these figures (Saeedi, et al. 2019, 2019). T2D is a result of aging, obesity-promoting circumstances, and increasing urbanization. T1D prevalence is on the rise. However, its growth remains uncertain. Statistics from international organizations show the difficulty this condition can cause in clinical practice.
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In 2016, statistics were used to assess the extent of the disease. Bullard et al. (2018) estimated that T1D prevalence was 0.555%, 8.6% for every 1.3 million Americans and 21 million Americans respectively. The 91% cases of T2D were identified, while the 6% comprised T1D. (Bullard et al., 2018). T2D is much more prevalent than T1D. Therefore, most studies that don’t break down the disease into different subtypes tend to focus on T2D. (Bullard et al., 2018). A current study has shown that there is an increase in diabetes among people between the ages of 20 and 79. (Bullard (2018) Unfortunately, it is not possible to determine the trends in type 1 diabetes because diagnosis, treatment and medical care vary depending on which type you have.
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