British Petroleum (BP), before the Gulf of Mexico catastrophe of 2015, had not considered the possible environmental calamity of an explosion or other natural disasters in their global drilling programs (Elsayed & Ammar 2019, 2019). The company initially only insured domestic drilling operations and its pipeline operations in Europe, as well as other advanced countries. This strategy exposed the company’s operations, especially in distribution, in emerging countries that have a higher-growing gross domestic products (GDP). BP frequently used less-than-stellar pipelines and boats to transport goods that were not permitted by international law in an effort to satisfy the increasing demand. BP tries to convince people that the Gulf of Mexico is on the verge of recovery. BP released public relations materials in 2015 highlighting the Gulf’s resilience and a study demonstrating its rapid recovery (Arora & Lodhia 2017, 2017). However, evidence shows that even five years later, the Gulf of Mexico’s massive oil leakage has left natural life still in ruins. In June 2016, BP released its final cost estimate for the worst oil spillage in American history. The total cost of the 2010 Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill was $61.6 billion (De Wolf 2017, 2017). The deal with BP provided that five Gulf states as well as regional legislatures received payments for a period of ten years. They will be able to increase their coastal reclamation efforts. BP continues to resolve claims made by injured residents and business owners. BP’s initial plan exemplifies the moral principle of duty and commitment that should guide emergency decision-making (Kanso Nelson and Kitchen, 2020). Public outrage and analysis after the incident focused on not only the oil leak, but also the insincerity and lack of remorse from the administration regarding its emergency response and the absence of compassion for those who were affected by the catastrophe. Dissatisfaction over BP’s inability to handle the crisis with adequate speed and care demonstrates how moral and emergency preparedness must be a core part of an association’s culture. The company needs to develop systems that respect the environment and safeguard people. Because horizontal drilling reduces operations beneath the earth, hydraulic fracturing can increase oil recovery. Horizontal drilling is more efficient than vertical drilling but can cause leakage due to pressure variations. Corporations use these safe ways to raise charges. Sometimes, the costs of correct operation are higher than they save. Even though these techniques are more sustainable, it is still illegal to charge too much for things.
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