(a) what population is affected, (b) at what level does it occur (local, state, or national), and (c) evidence about the issues supported by resources.

The policy health issue that will be described is the opioid epidemic. Opioid addiction and overdose have become a significant public health problem in the United States. According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), over 47,000 people died from opioid overdoses in 2018, and an estimated 1.7 million people suffered from opioid use disorder (OUD) in the same year. This policy health issue affects individuals of all ages, genders, races, and socioeconomic backgrounds.

The opioid epidemic occurs at the national level, as it is a problem that affects the entire country. Opioid addiction and overdose have been increasing over the past two decades, and it has become a significant public health concern. Opioid addiction affects not only individuals but also their families, communities, and the healthcare system as a whole. The cost of treating opioid addiction and overdose is substantial, and it places a significant burden on the healthcare system and society.

The opioid epidemic is supported by numerous resources, including research studies, government reports, and policy documents. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) have identified the opioid epidemic as a public health crisis and have released guidelines for prescribing opioids for chronic pain. The CDC also provides data on opioid overdose deaths and prescriptions across the United States.

The National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) provides research on the causes and consequences of opioid addiction and overdose. NIDA conducts research on prevention and treatment strategies for opioid addiction and collaborates with healthcare providers and policymakers to develop effective policies and interventions.

The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) provides resources and funding for substance abuse prevention and treatment programs. SAMHSA has developed a comprehensive approach to addressing the opioid epidemic, which includes prevention, treatment, and recovery support services.

The federal government has also implemented policies and initiatives to address the opioid epidemic. In 2016, the Comprehensive Addiction and Recovery Act (CARA) was signed into law, which provides funding for prevention, treatment, and recovery support services. The 21st Century Cures Act, signed into law in 2016, also includes provisions to address the opioid epidemic, such as funding for research and treatment programs.

In conclusion, the opioid epidemic is a policy health issue that affects individuals, families, communities, and the healthcare system. The opioid epidemic occurs at the national level, and it is supported by numerous resources, including research studies, government reports, and policy documents. The federal government, healthcare providers, and community organizations are working together to address the opioid epidemic through prevention, treatment, and recovery support services. Effective policies and interventions are needed to address this public health crisis and reduce the burden on individuals, families, and society.