In applying the four principles of biomedical ethics (autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice) to the case study “Healing and Autonomy,” it is important to consider how these ethical principles affect both the patient and medical practitioner. For example, autonomy allows for a patient to make their own decisions about treatment options; this should be respected by ensuring that they are given adequate information about their condition as well as potential risks associated with each option so that they can make an informed decision. Beneficence requires clinicians to act in the best interest of patients by performing interventions which have been proven effective or provide at least some benefit in improving a patient’s quality of life. Non-maleficence means doing no harm; this includes avoiding potentially harmful treatments or procedures as well as minimizing any pain or discomfort associated with them. Finally, justice requires fair distribution of resources among all patients regardless of social standing or economic background; this may include providing equal access to care or treatments based on need rather than ability to pay.