Describe the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, and corticosteroids for bone and joint inflammation.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a group of medications which work to reduce inflammation, pain and fever by inhibiting the production of specific enzymes known as cyclooxygenases (COX). Commonly used NSAIDs include ibuprofen or aspirin. Additionally, COX-2 inhibitors – such as celecoxib – have been developed in order to reduce gastrointestinal side effects associated with traditional NSAIDs.

Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) are more powerful agents which work to slow down the progression of joint damage caused by rheumatic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. These medications are typically used in cases where other treatments (e.g., NSAIDs) have been ineffective and/or for treating more severe forms of these illnesses.

Finally, corticosteroids are another type of medication which can be prescribed for bone and joint inflammation due to their ability to decrease inflammation while also suppressing the immune system’s response; thus providing relief from symptoms such swelling. However, it is important to note that long-term use of these types of drugs may result in serious side effects so they should only be taken under medical supervision.