What specific biological molecule (i.e., protein, nucleic acid, lipid, carbohydrate, or vitamin) is affected by this disease (be sure to provide the specific name of the molecule)? 

The specific biological molecule affected by this disease is a protein known as gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). GABA is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that plays a role in regulating nerve cell activity in the brain. It has been found to be reduced in individuals with depression and other mood disorders, most likely due to changes in receptor sensitivity or altered levels of enzymes involved in its synthesis. GABA works by inhibiting certain neurons from firing off; when it is lacking, too many neurons become activated which can lead to symptoms such as racing thoughts and anxiety. Additionally, studies have suggested that medications targeting these receptors may help improve symptoms associated with various mental health conditions including depression, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia. However, the exact mechanism of how this works still remains unclear making further research necessary for more effective treatments. All together it demonstrates just how important this particular molecule is for maintaining emotional balance throughout the body.