What are risk factors and how do they impact the cultures you serve as a nurse?

Risk factors are any factors that increase the likelihood of a person developing a certain disease or condition. Risk factors can be divided into two categories: modifiable and non-modifiable. Non-modifiable risk factors include age, gender, family history, and genetic makeup, while modifiable risk factors include behaviors such as smoking, poor diet, and lack of exercise.

In the Hispanic culture, two risk factors that can impact health are language barriers and lack of access to healthcare. Many individuals in the Hispanic community may not speak English fluently, which can create communication barriers and result in inadequate healthcare. Additionally, some may not have health insurance or financial means to afford healthcare. These factors can result in inadequate preventative care, late diagnosis of illnesses, and inadequate treatment.

To effectively care for the Hispanic culture, one nursing strategy that can be implemented is to ensure that healthcare providers have access to interpretation services. Utilizing a professional interpreter can help to overcome communication barriers and ensure that patients are receiving the necessary care. Additionally, nurses can provide education on the importance of preventative care and provide information on resources available to those without health insurance.

One health promotion intervention that might reduce the risk factor of lack of access to healthcare is community outreach programs. These programs can provide education on preventative care, assist with enrollment in health insurance programs, and provide access to low-cost or free healthcare services. Nurses can play a vital role in developing and implementing these programs by collaborating with community leaders and organizations to identify needs and provide necessary resources.

References:

1. Arcury, T. A., Grzywacz, J. G., Neiberg, R. H., Lang, W., Nguyen, H. T., Altizer, K. P., … & Quandt, S. A. (2015). Social integration and health: community involvement, stigmatized identities, and immigrant health among Latino women. Journal of health care for the poor and underserved, 26(2), 358-375.
2. Flores, G., & Laws, M. B. (2016). Latinos and racial/ethnic health disparities. Journal of health care for the poor and underserved, 27(1), 1-4.