Differentiate acute renal insufficiency versus acute kidney injury (AKI). Explain the diagnosis, etiology, and treatment for both.

Week 13 dq 2 | Adult-Gerontology Acute Care II

Acute Renal Insufficiency (ARI) is a condition in which the kidneys are unable to filter waste from the bloodstream due to decreased functioning; this is typically caused by a decrease in blood flow or damage to the organs themselves. ARI can be diagnosed through laboratory tests such as creatinine and urea levels, imaging studies, or by measuring urine output. Treatment typically includes medications for hypertension and/or diabetes as well as lifestyle modifications such as reducing sodium intake or increasing water consumption.

On the other hand Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) occurs when there has been an abrupt decline in renal function leading to an accumulation of toxins in the body. The etiology of AKI can vary depending on factors such as pre-existing conditions, certain medications, dehydration, etc.; diagnosis usually involves physical exams along with additional tests including bloodwork and urine analysis. Treatment options include intravenous fluids, antibiotics if needed, dialysis if necessary, and supportive care until recovery occurs. In both cases it is important that individuals seek medical attention promptly so they can receive proper care.