Describe the normal pathophysiology of gastric acid stimulation and production. Explain the changes that occur to gastric acid stimulation and production with GERD, PUD, and gastritis disorders.

The normal pathophysiology of gastric acid stimulation and production involves the activation of parietal cells in the stomach by a hormone called gastrin; this increases their production of hydrochloric acid (HCl). The acid is then released into the lumen of the stomach where it helps to break down food and protect against any potential pathogens.

With Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) there is an increase in the number of reflux episodes which can lead to an increase in gastric acid secretion. For Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) changes occur due to inflammation resulting from a bacterial infection which can lead to decreased HCl production as well as damage to surrounding tissue. Lastly, with Gastritis disorders inflammation causes reduced secretions and impaired digestive function due to destruction or atrophy of mucosal cells that line the stomach wall.

Overall while each disorder may cause varying levels or types of changes when it comes to gastric acid secretion, they all share common symptoms such as abdominal pain, nausea/vomiting, bloating, etc.; for this reason it is important for individuals experiencing any possible signs/symptoms related these diseases seek medical attention as soon as possible.