Increased urbanization and industrialization were key factors in the breakdown of the family unit. This led to people moving from rural areas into cities to find work. It led to the destruction of traditional family values and structures, and a shift in economic and social roles for family members. The weakening effect of the family unit was also caused by increased education and the participation of women in the labor force.
It has had significant consequences for long-term care and the aging population. The disintegration of traditional family networks means that older adults are less likely have support from family members to help with their care. There is a greater demand for professional long-term care, including assisted living and nursing homes. In order to maintain their independence and quality of life, the state may be required to support aging parents.